Deteksi Cendawan OPTK pada Gandum Australia dengan Metode Washing Test di BKHIT Jawa Timur

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a primary food source globally; however, wheat production in Indonesia remains low due to poor adaptation of wheat varieties to the tropical lowlands. One factor in the introduction of plant pests (OPT) into wheat seeds is the import of these seeds. The Agricultural Quarantine Agency Decree No. 28/Kpts/HK.060/I/2009, updated by Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 25 of 2020, states that Ustilago nuda, Tilletia tritici, Urocystis agropyri, and Claviceps purpurea are category A1 class I OPTK fungi carried by wheat seeds, requiring prevention of their spread within Indonesia. This research aims to identify the various fungi present in Australian wheat seeds at the East Java Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Laboratory (BKHIT). Detection of quarantine plant pest organisms (OPTK) in imported Australian wheat was conducted using the washing test method. Results from the Plant Quarantine Laboratory at BKHIT East Java showed that wheat seeds with sample codes 5/C/1/24 and 6/C/1/24 tested negative for target pests such as Ustilago nuda, Tilletia tritici, Urocystis agropyri, and Claviceps purpurea, indicating that these imported wheat seeds can be released and distributed throughout Indonesia.